Assigetob



I. F. OCONNOR.

SHOCK ABSURBER FOR VEHICLES APPLICATION FILED APR. I. i918 Patente/d May20, 1919.

, itself being centrally JOHN F. OCONNOR, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORTO WILLIAM H. MINER, OF CHAZY,

` NEW YORK.

SHOCK-ABSORBEB FOB. VEHICLES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 20, 1919.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN F. OCONNOR,

a citizen of the United States, residing atI Chicago, in the county ofCook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and usefulImprovement in Shock-Absorbers for Vehicles, of which the following is afull, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of this specifi-cation.

This invention relates to improvements in shock absorbers for vehicles.

The object of the invention is t0 provide an eflicient, smoothly acting,neat and compact shock absorber, more particularly adapted forattachment to automobiles, mo# tor trucks and similar vehicles.

In the drawing forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a partside elevational view, nart vertical section of portions of anyautomobile chassis and axle showing my improvements in connectiontherewith. And Figs. 2, 3 and 4f are enlarged, horizontal, 'sectionalviews, taken on the lines 2 2, 3 3 and 4 4 of Fig. 1. Y

In said drawing, 10 denotes a portion 'of anauftomobile chassis, 11 anaxle and 12 a semi-elliptic main spring. The spring 12 is secured to thechassis 10 at one of its ends, as b the bracket 13.

y improved shock absorber is interposed between the chassis and theopposite end of the spring 12, as clearly appears from the drawing. Theshock absorber, as shown, includes three cylindrical members A, B and C,.a spring D, a piston element E and a quantity of liquid, such as oil F.

The cylindrical member A is closed at its bottom end, as clearly shownin Fig. 1 and the innermost cylindrical member B is closed at its upperen the open ends of said members A and B being telescoped with a snugsliding fit. The member B at its lower end is provided with an linwardlyextended flange 14 which is centrally recessed, as 1ndicated at 15, toprovide a somewhat restricted communicating opening between the-chambers formed in the members A and B for the oil F. On its upperfare, the flange 14 is suitably beveled, as indicated' at 16, to

vform a seat for a check-valve 17. the latter being extended through theo ening 15 and recesee as indicated at 18, to loosely accomodate the rod19 of te piston element E.

The spring D is confined within the member B between the upper end ofthe latter and the piston E.\ The piston E, which is loosely mountedwithin the member B to permit the oil to passby, together with thebottom flange 14 of the member B, serves to form a liquid chamber withinthe member B, and it is obvious that a corresponding chamber is formedwithin the member A.

The member A is suitably connected to the spring 12 as by the dependinianges 20 and piny 21 and the outer vcy indrical member C, whichts downover-the member B and isl telescoped. with the member A', is connectedto the chassis 10 by a bracket 22 havingI forked outer ends 23-23, eachof the latter having a trunnion 24 seated in a suitable bearing recessonthe outervside 0f the member C and held in position by any desirablemeans, such as the bolt 25.

The parts are so designed that the spring D in normal condition of theautomobile, will be preferably half compressed, or, stated in. anothermanner, should the spring D have a total action of six inches, it wouldpreferably be under a three-inch compres sion undernormal conditions andas illustrated in Fig. 1. Furthermore, the permissible movement of thepiston E within the member B and ofthe member B with Jrespect to themember A is made to correspond with the further permissible compression`of the spring.

In operation, upon relative approach of the chassis and axle, itisvevident that the telescoped members A and C will be furthertelescoped which in turn will cause further. telescoping of the membersA and B. This will lcompress the spring D, the pressure from which willbe transmitted to the member A through the piston E and its rod 19. f

At the same time, oil from the chamber in the member A will betransferred fairly readily into the chamber of the member B and part ofthe oil will 'pass to the top of the piston E, although the flow will berestricted, as will be apparent. Upon the recoil, the spring D willexpand, thereby forcing the two members B and C away from the member Aand some of the oil within the member B will be transferred back to thechamber within the member A but during this operation, the flow will bequite restricted due to the fact that the check-valve 17 will be forcedto its scat and the traue lference of oil will be limited substantiallydownwardly below the lower edge of the which is closed at one of itsends, two of member C. v Also, lI obtain an easy cushioning action andthe capaci-ty can be made to suit varying conditions.

I claim 1. In a shock'absorber, the combination with three telescopedmembers each of said members facing in onedirection and the third in theopposite direction, the lat-` ter being telescoped between the firsttwo, of

va lpiston within `the innermost member and having apressure-transmitting 'rod extending to and directly engaging theintermediate telescoped member, a sp-ring interposed between said pistonand the closed end of the innermost member, a centrally disposedl .'dayof Mar., 1918.

check-valve carried by the innermost member at its inner end, and liquidconned be.-

tween the piston and said check-valve in the innermost member and liquidconfined between the check-valve and the closed end of the intermediatemember.

' 2. In a shock absorbing device of the character described, thecombination with two telescoped cylinders `each having .their outer endsclosed, of a loose piston'disposed within the inner telescoped cylinder,a piston rod extending from said piston t0 and engaging the closed endof thesouter cylinder',spring means interposed between said piston andthe closed end of the inner cylinder, liquid confined within the twocyl- V inders, and av check valve governingpassage of liquid from theinterior of onecylinder to the interior of thev other eylinder,said

liquid being adapted also to pass by said loose piston within the innercylinder.

In witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my namethis 28th JOHN F. ocoNNon

